Food Bacteria Viruses Diseases

Overview

Engineering reference data for Food Bacteria Viruses Diseases in food bio.

Key Formulas

pH

$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$

Measure of acidity in food.

Water Activity

$a_w = \frac{P}{P_0}$

Ratio of vapor pressure of food to pure water.

Thermal Death Time

$\log\frac{N_0}{N} = \frac{t}{D}$

Microbial reduction during heating.

Q10 Temperature Coefficient

$Q_{10} = \left(\frac{k_2}{k_1}\right)^{10/(T_2-T_1)}$

Rate change per 10°C temperature increase.

Variables

Common Food Microorganisms

These are non-pathogenic microorganisms commonly found in various food products, which may play roles in fermentation or spoilage.

• Dairy products: Corynebacterium, Leuconostoc
• Meat, poultry, seafood: Achromobacter
• Eggs and meats: Bacteroides, Proteus
• Meats, poultry, eggs: Pseudomonas

Pathogenic Bacteria in Food

Pathogenic bacteria that can contaminate food and cause illness in humans.

• Clostridium botulinum
• Salmonella spp.
• Clostridium perfringens
• Streptococci spp.
• Lactobacillus spp.
• Shigella spp.
• Listeria monocytogenes
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Escherichia coli
• Campylobacter jejuni
• Bacillus cereus
• Proteus spp.
• Pseudomonas spp.
• Vibrio spp.

Pathogenic Viruses in Food

Viruses that can be transmitted through food and cause human diseases.

• Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
• Rotavirus
• Echovirus
• Calicivirus (including Norovirus)

Foodborne Bacterial Diseases

Major bacterial diseases transmitted to humans through contaminated food.

• Campylobacter jejuni: Causes Campylobacteriosis
• Listeria monocytogenes: Causes Listeriosis
• Salmonella spp.: Causes Salmonellosis
• Salmonella typhi: Causes Typhoid fever
• Shigella dysenteriae: Causes Dysentery
• Vibrio cholerae: Causes Cholera
• Yersinia enterocolitica: Causes Diarrheal disease
• Enterobacteriaceae: Causes Enteric disease

Foodborne Viral Diseases

Major viral diseases transmitted to humans through contaminated food.

• Echovirus: Causes Gastroenteritis
• Hepatitis A virus (HAV): Causes Hepatitis type A
• Norwalk agent (Calicivirus): Causes Viral diarrhea
• Rotavirus: Causes Infant diarrhea

References

• Original Source