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Greek Alphabet

Reference data and engineering information about greek alphabet for chemistry applications.

greekalphabet

Overview

Engineering reference data for Greek Alphabet in chemistry.

Key Formulas

Ideal Gas Law

PV=nRTPV = nRT

Pressure × Volume = moles × gas constant × temperature.

Molarity

M=nVM = \frac{n}{V}

Moles of solute per liter of solution.

pH

pH=log10[H+]pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]

Measure of acidity.

Variables

SymbolDescriptionUnit
PPPressurePa
VVVolume
nnMolesmol
RRGas constant8.314 J/(mol·K)

Scientific and Engineering Usage

18 rows
Common engineering and scientific applications of Greek letters.
Character
Symbol
Typically Used For
alphaαAngles, angular acceleration
betaβAngles, coefficients
gammaγShear strain, kinematic viscosity
deltaδDifferences, damping coefficient
epsilonεLinear strain
etaηDynamic viscosity, efficiency
thetaθAngles, temperature
kappaκCompressibility of fluids
lambdaλWavelength, thermal conductivity
muμCoefficient of friction, dynamic viscosity, Poisson's ratio
nuνKinematic viscosity
piπMathematical constant (3.14159...)
rhoρDensity
sigmaσNormal stress, standard deviation
tauτShear stress
phiφAngles, flow rate, potential energy
psiψGears helix angle
omegaωAngular velocity, solid angle

Source: engineeringtoolbox.com

HTML and Web Usage

24 rows
HTML character references for the Greek alphabet (uppercase).
Name
Entity
Decimal
Hex
Alpha (Α)andAlpha;and#913;and#x391;
Beta (Β)andBeta;and#914;and#x392;
Gamma (Γ)andGamma;and#915;and#x393;
Delta (Δ)andDelta;and#916;and#x394;
Epsilon (Ε)andEpsilon;and#917;and#x395;
Zeta (Ζ)andZeta;and#918;and#x396;
Eta (Η)andEta;and#919;and#x397;
Theta (Θ)andTheta;and#920;and#x398;
Iota (Ι)andIota;and#921;and#x399;
Kappa (Κ)andKappa;and#922;and#x39A;
Lambda (Λ)andLambda;and#923;and#x39B;
Mu (Μ)andMu;and#924;and#x39C;
Nu (Ν)andNu;and#925;and#x39D;
Xi (Ξ)andXi;and#926;and#x39E;
Omicron (Ο)andOmicron;and#927;and#x39F;
Pi (Π)andPi;and#928;and#x3A0;
Rho (Ρ)andRho;and#929;and#x3A1;
Sigma (Σ)andSigma;and#931;and#x3A3;
Tau (Τ)andTau;and#932;and#x3A4;
Upsilon (Υ)andUpsilon;and#933;and#x3A5;
Phi (Φ)andPhi;and#934;and#x3A6;
Chi (Χ)andChi;and#935;and#x3A7;
Psi (Ψ)andPsi;and#936;and#x3A8;
Omega (Ω)andOmega;and#937;and#x3A9;

Source: engineeringtoolbox.com

25 rows
HTML character references for the Greek alphabet (lowercase).
Name
Entity
Decimal
Hex
alpha (α)andalpha;and#945;and#x3B1;
beta (β)andbeta;and#946;and#x3B2;
gamma (γ)andgamma;and#947;and#x3B3;
delta (δ)anddelta;and#948;and#x3B4;
epsilon (ε)andepsilon;and#949;and#x3B5;
zeta (ζ)andzeta;and#950;and#x3B6;
eta (η)andeta;and#951;and#x3B7;
theta (θ)andtheta;and#952;and#x3B8;
iota (ι)andiota;and#953;and#x3B9;
kappa (κ)andkappa;and#954;and#x3BA;
lambda (λ)andlambda;and#955;and#x3BB;
mu (μ)andmu;and#956;and#x3BC;
nu (ν)andnu;and#957;and#x3BD;
xi (ξ)andxi;and#958;and#x3BE;
omicron (ο)andomicron;and#959;and#x3BF;
pi (π)andpi;and#960;and#x3C0;
rho (ρ)andrho;and#961;and#x3C1;
final sigma (ς)andsigmaf;and#962;and#x3C2;
sigma (σ)andsigma;and#963;and#x3C3;
tau (τ)andtau;and#964;and#x3C4;
upsilon (υ)andupsilon;and#965;and#x3C5;
phi (φ)andphi;and#966;and#x3C6;
chi (χ)andchi;and#967;and#x3C7;
psi (ψ)andpsi;and#968;and#x3C8;
omega (ω)andomega;and#969;and#x3C9;

Source: engineeringtoolbox.com

Additional Notes

The Greek alphabet is derived from the Phoenician alphabet and has been used to write the Greek language since the 8th century BC. For web development, Greek letters can be represented in HTML documents using:

  • Entity names (e.g., Α)
  • Decimal numeric codes (e.g., Α)
  • Hexadecimal codes (e.g., Α)

Modern browsers render these codes natively. The legacy method of formatting a normal character with the "Symbol" font is less reliable and not recommended for contemporary web standards.

References