Hydraulic Pneumatic Systems

Overview

Engineering reference data for Hydraulic Pneumatic Systems in hydraulics pneumatics.

Key Formulas

Pascal's Law

$P = \frac{F}{A}$

Pressure is equal in all directions.

Hydraulic Force

$F_2 = F_1 \frac{A_2}{A_1}$

Force amplification by area ratio.

Variables

Key Formulas

Hydraulic Force

$F = P \cdot A$

Where:

• F = force (N)
• P = pressure (Pa)
• A = piston area (m²)

Hydraulic Pump Volume Capacity

$Q = D \cdot n$

Where:

• Q = volume flow (m³/s)
• D = displacement volume (m³/rev)
• n = rotational speed (rev/s)

Pneumatic Cylinder Acting Velocity

$v = \frac{Q}{A}$

Where:

• v = velocity (m/s)
• Q = air volume flow (m³/s)
• A = piston area (m²)

Single-Acting Piston Air Consumption

$V = A \cdot s$

Where:

• V = air volume (m³)
• A = piston area (m²)
• s = stroke length (m)

Hydraulic Pump Power

$P_{shaft} = \frac{Q \cdot \Delta P}{\eta}$

Where:

• $P_{shaft}$ = shaft power (W)
• Q = volume flow (m³/s)
• ΔP = pressure difference (Pa)
• η = pump efficiency

Definitions

Hydraulic System: A system that uses pressurized fluid (typically oil) to transmit power.

Pneumatic System: A system that uses compressed air or gas to transmit power.

Displacement Volume: The volume of fluid displaced by a pump or cylinder in one complete cycle or revolution.

Carrying Velocity: The minimum air velocity required to keep particles suspended and moving in a pneumatic conveying system.

Volumetric Displacement: The volume of fluid moved per unit of linear displacement in a hydraulic cylinder.

References

• Original Source