Melting Boiling Temperatures

Overview

Engineering reference data for Melting Boiling Temperatures in thermodynamics.

Key Formulas

First Law

$\Delta U = Q - W$

Energy is conserved — heat added minus work done.

Ideal Gas Law

$PV = nRT$

Relates pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas.

Heat Transfer

$Q = mc\Delta T$

Sensible heat transfer.

Carnot Efficiency

$\eta = 1 - T_C/T_H$

Maximum efficiency between two temperatures.

Variables

DataTable: Phase Change Properties

Conversion Formulas

The relationship between Celsius (°C) and Fahrenheit (°F) is given by:

$t_C = \frac{5}{9} (t_F - 32)$

Common energy density conversions for latent heat:

$1 \text{ kJ/kg} = 0.4299 \text{ Btu/lbm} = 0.23884 \text{ kcal/kg}$

Data Notes

• The data table represents standard atmospheric pressure conditions.
• null values indicate missing data in the original source.
• Latent Heat of Melting ($L_f$) is the energy required to change a unit mass from solid to liquid at the melting point.
• Latent Heat of Evaporation ($L_v$) is the energy required to change a unit mass from liquid to gas at the boiling point.

Interactive Charts

References

• Original Source