Skip to main content
Speclore

Pipes Relative Capacities

Reference data and engineering information about pipes relative capacities for piping systems applications.

pipesrelativecapacities

Overview

Engineering reference data for Pipes Relative Capacities in piping systems.

Key Formulas

Continuity

A1v1=A2v2A_1 v_1 = A_2 v_2

Mass conservation in pipe flow.

Pressure Drop

ΔP=fLDρv22\Delta P = f \frac{L}{D} \frac{\rho v^2}{2}

Darcy-Weisbach equation.

Pipe Area

A=πD24A = \frac{\pi D^2}{4}

Cross-sectional area of a pipe.

Variables

SymbolDescriptionUnit
DDPipe diameterm
vvFlow velocitym/s
ΔP\Delta PPressure dropPa
ffFriction factor

Pipe Inside Dimensions

16 rows
Steel pipe Schedule 40 inside cross-sectional areas
Nominal Size(inches)
Inside Area(in²)
1/80.06
1/40.1
3/80.19
1/20.3
3/40.53
10.86
1 1/41.5
1 1/22.04
23.36
2 1/24.79
37.39
3 1/29.89
412.73
520
628.89
850.02

Source: engineeringtoolbox.com

Relative Capacity Table

The relative capacity indicates how many smaller pipes are needed to match the flow capacity of one larger pipe, based on cross-sectional area ratios.

16 rows
Relative capacity: number of smaller pipes equivalent to one larger pipe (by area)
Pipe Size(inches)
vs 1/8"
vs 1/4"
vs 1/2"
vs 1"
vs 2"
vs 4"
1/81
1/41.671
3/83.171.9
1/2531
3/48.835.31.77
114.338.62.871
1 1/4251551.74
1 1/23420.46.82.37
25633.611.23.911
2 1/279.8347.915.975.571.43
3123.1773.924.638.592.2
3 1/2164.8398.932.9711.52.94
4212.17127.342.4314.83.791
5333.3320066.6723.265.951.57
6481.5288.996.333.598.62.27
8833.67500.2166.7358.1614.893.93

Source: engineeringtoolbox.com

Application Notes

  • System sizing: Use relative capacity when converting between pipe sizes in a distribution network
  • Parallel piping: Multiple smaller pipes can replace a single larger pipe when capacity ratios match
  • Flow assumption: Relative capacity based on area ratio assumes equal flow velocity across all pipe sizes

Interactive Charts

Pipes - larger versus smaller - relative capacities

Compressed Air Pipe Line Capacity

References