Thermal Expansion Steam Pipes
Reference data and engineering information about thermal expansion steam pipes for fluid mechanics applications.
thermalexpansionsteampipesCalculatorData Table
Overview
Engineering reference data for Thermal Expansion Steam Pipes in fluid mechanics.
Key Formulas
Reynolds Number
Ratio of inertial to viscous forces — determines flow regime.
Bernoulli's Equation
Conservation of energy for steady, inviscid, incompressible flow.
Continuity Equation
Conservation of mass for incompressible flow.
Darcy-Weisbach
Pressure drop due to friction in a pipe.
Variables
| Symbol | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Reynolds number | — | |
| Fluid density | kg/m³ | |
| Flow velocity | m/s | |
| Characteristic dimension | m | |
| Dynamic viscosity | Pa·s | |
| Pressure | Pa | |
| Darcy friction factor | — |
8 rows
Temperature(°F) | Cast Iron(in/100 ft) | Carbon & Carbon Molybdenum(in/100 ft) | Wrought Iron(in/100 ft) | 4-6% Cr. Alloy Steel(in/100 ft) | 12% Cr. Stainless Steel(in/100 ft) | 18 Cr.-8Ni Stainless Steel(in/100 ft) | Copper(in/100 ft) | Brass(in/100 ft) | Aluminum 2-S(in/100 ft) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -200 | -1.058 | -1.282 | -1.289 | -1.25 | -1.17 | -2.03 | -1.955 | -2.065 | -2.69 |
| -100 | -0.593 | -0.698 | -0.705 | -0.7 | -0.63 | -1.1 | -1.04 | -1.098 | -1.4 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 100 | 0.68 | 0.753 | 0.887 | 0.65 | 0.69 | 1.115 | 1.134 | 1.15 | 1.53 |
| 200 | 1.39 | 1.52 | 1.75 | 1.4 | 1.38 | 2.23 | 2.296 | 2.34 | 3.08 |
| 300 | 2.13 | 2.35 | 2.67 | 2.2 | 2.08 | 3.39 | 3.461 | 3.565 | 4.74 |
| 400 | 2.91 | 3.23 | 3.62 | 3.01 | 2.82 | 4.58 | 4.666 | 4.87 | 6.47 |
| 500 | 3.73 | 4.151 | 4.6 | 3.86 | 3.6 | 5.8 | 5.906 | 6.22 | 8.25 |
Source: engineeringtoolbox.com
Conversion Formulas
The following formulas are useful for converting between units present in the data:
- Temperature Conversion (Fahrenheit to Celsius):
- Length Conversion:
Definitions
- Baseline: The expansion values in the table are referenced to a temperature of 0°F (-17.8°C).
- Expansion vs. Contraction: Positive values indicate expansion (increase in length) as temperature rises above 0°F. Negative values indicate contraction (decrease in length) as temperature falls below 0°F.
- Saturated Steam Pressure: The table includes corresponding saturated steam pressure (in psi) for reference. Values are vacuum (negative gauge pressure) below 211°F and positive gauge pressure above 211°F.