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Water Steam Prandtl Number

Reference data and engineering information about water steam prandtl number for heat transfer applications.

watersteamPrandtlnumber

Overview

Engineering reference data for Water Steam Prandtl Number in heat transfer.

Key Formulas

Fourier's Law

q=kTq = -k \nabla T

Heat flux proportional to temperature gradient.

Convective Heat Transfer

Q=hA(TsT)Q = hA(T_s - T_\infty)

Heat transfer between surface and fluid.

Stefan-Boltzmann Law

q=εσT4q = \varepsilon \sigma T^4

Radiative heat flux from a surface.

Thermal Resistance

Rth=LkAR_{th} = \frac{L}{kA}

Resistance to heat conduction.

Variables

SymbolDescriptionUnit
qqHeat fluxW/m²
kkThermal conductivityW/(m·K)
hhConvection coefficientW/(m²·K)
TTTemperatureK
ε\varepsilonEmissivity
σ\sigmaStefan-Boltzmann constant5.67×10⁻⁸ W/(m²·K⁴)

Data Tables

18 rows
Prandtl number of water at atmospheric pressure, varying temperature.
State
Temperature(K)
Temperature(°C)
Prandtl number(-)
Temperature(°F)
Prandtl number(-)
Liquid273013.63213.6
278511.24011.5
283109.46509.46
293206.99756.31
298256.131004.56
303305.431253.45
323503.561502.74
348752.391752.25
3731001.762001.88
Gas3981250.9962500.999
4231500.9783000.978
4481750.9653500.964
4732000.9584000.97
5232500.9475000.945
5733000.9396000.937
6233500.9327000.93
6734000.9268000.923
7735000.91610000.912

Source: engineeringtoolbox.com

30 rows
Prandtl number of water at varying temperature and pressure (1, 10, 100 bara).
State
Temperature(K)
Temperature(°C)
Temperature(°F)
Pressure(bara)
Pressure(psia)
Prandtl number(-)
Liquid273.160.0132.02114.513.6
2806.944.3114.510.53
30026.980.3114.55.856
32046.9116114.53.785
34066.9152114.52.687
36086.9188114.52.04
372.75699.61211.3114.51.76
Gas372.75699.61211.3114.51.035
400127260114.50.9938
500227440114.50.9512
600327620114.50.9354
700427800114.50.9231
800527980114.50.9132
10007271340114.50.8992
Liquid273.160.0132.021014513.55
30026.980.3101455.847
400127260101451.362
453.028179.9355.8101450.9873
Gas453.028179.9355.8101451.167
600327620101450.9509
800527980101450.9173
Liquid273.160.0132.018100145013.12
30026.980.310014505.761
40012726010014501.358
55027753010014500.8366
584.147311591.7910014500.9349
Gas584.147311591.7910014501.841
70042780010014501.058
900627116010014500.9251
1200927170010014500.8655

Source: engineeringtoolbox.com

Behavior Notes

The Prandtl number for water exhibits distinct behavior across its phases:

  • Liquid Water: Pr values are significantly greater than 1 (typically 2-14), indicating that momentum diffuses more slowly than heat. The value decreases sharply with increasing temperature.
  • Water Vapor (Gas): Pr values are close to 1 (typically 0.9-1.1), meaning momentum and thermal diffusivities are nearly equal. Values are relatively insensitive to temperature and pressure.
  • A sharp discontinuity occurs at the phase change (boiling point), where the Prandtl number drops suddenly from a high liquid value to a lower gaseous value.

For comprehensive calculations, refer to the following water properties:

  • Density and Specific Weight
  • Dynamic and Kinematic Viscosity
  • Specific Heat (Heat Capacity)
  • Thermal Conductivity
  • Saturation Pressure and Boiling Points

Interactive Charts

Water Prandtl number 1bara C

Water Prandtl number 1bara F

References